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 Extra Questions Question-1 What is heredity? Solution: The continuity of features from one generation to another is known as heredity. It is also defined as the transmission of traits from parents to the offsprings. Question-2 Name the plant on which Mendel performed his experiments. Solution: Mendel performed his experiments on the plant, Pisum sativum  –  the garden pea plant. Question-3 Define variation. Solution: Children do not resemble their parents completely. They possess characters obtained from both the parents. These changes in the phenotypic and genotypic characters are known as variations. Thus a given population of a species has indefinite variants. Question-4 Define a gene. Solution: A gene is a small portion of the DNA, with codes for a particular polypeptide or a protein. In other words, it is the functional unit of the DNA. It is also responsible for the transmission of hereditary characters from the parents to the offspring. Question-5 Write the expanded form of DNA

  (All In-text and Exercise Questions Solved) Exercise-9.1 Page: 143 1. If a trait A exists in 10% of a population of an asexually reproducing species and a trait B exists in 60% of the same population, which trait is likely to have arisen earlier? Solution: Trait B is more probable to arise early as this trait has already been existing and replicating in a larger percentage of the population as compared to trait A 2. How does the creation of variations in a species promote survival? Solution: Genetic variations enable the species to better adapt to changes in its environment. Moreover, it is an important force in evolution as it allows the frequency of alleles to increase or decrease through natural selection. These variations will determine the difference between extinction or continuation of the species. Exercise-9.2 Page: 147 1. How do Mendel’s experiments show that traits may be dominant or recessive? Solution: Mendel showed that the traits can either be dominant or recessive thro